API Penetration Testing


1. Scoping & Reconnaissance

We begin by aligning our testing strategy with your API’s design, threat model, and data sensitivity.

  • API Specification Review: Analyze OpenAPI/Swagger files, Postman collections, or API docs to understand functionality and expected inputs/outputs.
  • Role & Access Matrix: Identify user roles (admin, guest, partner, etc.) and their respective access levels.
  • Recon & Enumeration: Identify all endpoints (including hidden or undocumented), supported methods, input types, and authentication schemes.

2. Authentication & Session Management Testing

Authentication is a high-risk area in API security. We test:

  • Broken Authentication: Token hijacking, replay, and predictable tokens
  • Session Handling Flaws: Token expiration, revocation, refresh logic
  • JWT Analysis: Header validation, weak signing algorithms, key disclosure

3. Authorization & Access Control

We rigorously test the integrity of access controls across all endpoints.

  • Object-Level Authorization (BOLA): Attempt to access or manipulate data belonging to other users
  • Function-Level Authorization: Ensure privilege boundaries are enforced (e.g., non-admins cannot access admin functions)
  • Mass Assignment: Test for unintended field-level access via JSON payload manipulation

4. Input Validation & Injection Testing

We validate input handling and simulate real-world exploitation scenarios.

  • Injection Attacks: SQLi, NoSQLi, Command Injection, XML External Entity (XXE), SSRF
  • Deserialization Attacks: Test for insecure object handling in APIs that accept serialized data
  • Improper Content-Type Handling: Bypass filters by switching between JSON, XML, and multipart formats

5. Rate Limiting & Abuse Scenarios

We evaluate whether your API enforces protections against abuse.

  • Rate Limiting Bypass: Using multiple tokens, IPs, or header manipulation
  • Authentication Brute Force: Username or token guessing with evasion tactics
  • Business Logic Flaws: Abuse of sequence, pricing, or workflow logic for unintended outcomes

6. Sensitive Data Exposure

We ensure your APIs do not unintentionally expose sensitive or regulated data.

  • Verbose Error Messages: Information leakage from stack traces or debug output
  • Insecure Data in Transit: TLS configuration, certificate pinning, mixed content
  • Sensitive Data in Responses: Leaked PII, credentials, session tokens, or backend metadata

7. Reporting & Remediation Guidance

You’ll receive a report tailored for both technical and executive stakeholders.

  • Executive Summary: Risk context, severity analysis, and business impact
  • Detailed Findings: Each vulnerability includes proof of concept, affected endpoints, and clear remediation steps
  • OWASP Mapping: All findings are aligned with OWASP API Top 10
  • Follow-up Support: Our consultants remain available for post-test discussions, remediation planning, and retesting

Why Kairos Sec?